Intelligence training

Problem 1. Often at the medical researches it is required to know volume of a body of a patient. For this purpose an immersion in a special bath with graduation on a side are used. But wet Archimedean method is inconvenient enough; it requires frequent change of warm water, the towels. Many people don’t like this procedure. But the discontent of adult patients does not compare with problems of measurement of small children. Shout, noise, splashes, distortion of indications because of hands of mother and the nurse, fluctuation of a water level are occurred. It is very difficult to get precise result of measurement of body’s volume...
Wet method is even more inconvenient at mass measurements on farms. How to apply this method at fattening of bull-calf, pigs and also in zoological researches on objects of wildlife?

Problem 2. In cities under roadways it is laid, the so-called, storm water sewer. On roadways the grates covering reception wells are visible. Wells have a drain in the general street collector; street collectors connect with quarter, quarter – with a city collector of the big diameter which allocates rain waters to clearing constructions. It is a complex expensive network of pipelines. It is calculated to receipt of rain drains in 95 % cases. However sometimes (for example, one time in 20 years) happen especially plentiful downpours, sewer system can not receipt a lot of water. And the water flows through the streets, bringing troubles. But the main trouble is that, water washes off from streets spots of automobile oil and flows down in the nearest river or sea. It causes a loss to an environment. This is a typical compromise: pipes of the big diameter could receipt greater downpours, but it is expensive, therefore, to save money, we shall reduce diameter... How to do not admit the compromise? How to gain nothing having lost?

Problem 3. The machine for manufacturing of cores of paper condensers has two supporting mechanisms – for a foil and for the paper impregnated with wax. [The explanation: the supporting mechanism has two rollers, big supporting and small clamping, between them there are foil or paper]. With a foil there are no problems. And the thin wax paper is often breaks, slip in the supporting mechanism, clamping roller becomes covered by a thin layer of wax and slip also. After long attempts of improvement engineers have solved that the best solution is to eliminate this clamping roller. But how to provide at this uniform pressing without slip of paper to supporting roller?